Classical and operant conditioning are associated with which therapy approach?

The therapy approach that classical and operant conditioning are associated with is behavior therapy. This approach focuses on modifying observable behaviors through reinforcement and punishment.

Classical conditioning, originally described by Ivan Pavlov, involves learning through association, where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a significant stimulus, leading to a conditioned response. For example, a person may develop a fear response through classical conditioning when they associate a particular place or object with a negative experience.

Operant conditioning, developed by B.F. Skinner, involves learning through consequences, where behaviors are increased or decreased based on the presence of rewards or punishments. In behavior therapy, techniques like reinforcement of positive behaviors or the use of consequences for negative behaviors are commonly employed to encourage desired changes in behavior.

These foundations make behavior therapy particularly effective in addressing a variety of issues such as addictions, phobias, and other behavioral problems, focusing on changing behavior rather than exploring the underlying thoughts or feelings that might contribute to those behaviors.