Which model of addiction is based on the belief that addiction is a consequence of personal choice?

The moral model of addiction is based on the belief that addiction is a consequence of personal choice and the moral failing of the individual. This perspective views substance abuse as a deliberate choice rather than a result of disease or external factors. It emphasizes individual responsibility and the idea that people who struggle with addiction are making a conscious decision to engage in harmful behaviors.

This model has historically framed addiction in moral terms, often leading to stigma and judgment towards those with substance use issues. It contrasts with other models that attribute addiction to genetic, biological, or environmental factors, focusing instead on personal accountability and willpower as critical elements in overcoming addiction.