Which of the following factors can contribute to substance abuse vulnerability?

A family history of addiction is a significant factor that can contribute to vulnerability to substance abuse. Research indicates that genetic predisposition plays an important role in the development of substance use disorders. Individuals with family members who have struggled with addiction may have inherited traits that make them more susceptible to substance use, or they may be more likely to grow up in environments where substance use is normalized.

Additionally, the influence of family dynamics and patterns can exacerbate this vulnerability. For example, children raised in households where substance misuse is prevalent may adopt similar behaviors or attitudes toward drugs and alcohol, thus increasing their risk as they grow older. This hereditary and environmental interplay highlights why having a family history of addiction raises the likelihood of developing similar issues in one's own life.

The other options, such as high socioeconomic status, strong marketing of healthy choices, and extensive educational attainment, generally do not align with the prevailing understanding of risk factors for substance abuse. High socioeconomic status often correlates with fewer financial and environmental stresses that can lead to substance misuse. Strong marketing of healthy choices aims to promote well-being rather than risk factors for addiction, and extensive educational attainment frequently equips individuals with access to resources and skills that can mitigate the risk of substance abuse.